Savannah Resources, a London-listed mining company, has taken a significant step in its Barroso lithium project in northern Portugal by securing temporary land access to over 520 hectares. This land access, granted by the Portuguese government for one year, allows the company to proceed with fieldwork and the second phase of drilling. The Barroso lithium deposit is considered one of the largest known spodumene reserves in Europe, with an estimated 28 million metric tons of high-grade lithium, crucial for electric vehicle (EV) batteries.

Savannah’s project is seen as vital for meeting Europe's growing demand for lithium, which is central to the continent’s clean energy transition. However, the project has faced strong opposition from local communities and environmental groups. The mining operation requires around 840 hectares, but as of September 2023, Savannah had acquired just 93 hectares. The company previously indicated it had secured over 100 plots of land, though the exact size is unclear.

A key challenge is that 75% of the land is communal, known as "baldios," and used by locals for agriculture, while the remaining 24% is privately owned. This has led to concerns that the project will disrupt local farming and damage the environment. Savannah has stated it may seek compulsory land acquisition from the Portuguese government if voluntary agreements cannot be reached. Such a move could fuel further protests and legal challenges from local groups.

The United in Defence of Covas do Barroso association, which represents residents, strongly opposes the project. They argue that the "baldios" land belongs to the community and is essential for local agriculture. The association has raised concerns about the environmental impact of the mine and accused the government of prioritizing private interests over the local population’s needs.

In response, Savannah has emphasized its commitment to engaging with local stakeholders and ensuring fair compensation for landowners. More than half of the compensation fees have already been paid, and the company is continuing negotiations with landowners. The company has also committed to meeting all environmental and legal requirements in compliance with Portuguese regulations.

Despite the opposition, Savannah’s ability to secure temporary land access is seen as a crucial development. The company’s success in navigating local protests, legal challenges, and land disputes will be key to the project’s future. If successful, the Barroso project could become a major source of lithium for Europe’s growing EV industry, but it will need to balance local concerns with the demand for clean energy resources.